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Chapter 1 Location, Physical Features, andRegions of Pennsylvania. . . .
1
Lesson 1
Location of Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Lesson 2
Physical Features of Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Lesson 3
How Land Features andWaterformsWere Formed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Lesson 4
LandformRegions of Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Chapter 2 Natural Resources of Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Lesson 5
Waterforms of Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Lesson 6
Soil, Forest, Fossil Fuels, andMinerals inOur State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Lesson 7
HumanResources of Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Chapter 3 Pennsylvania Today and the Future. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Lesson 8
Natural andHuman-MadeWonders of Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Lesson 9
Keeping Pennsylvania’s Environment Healthy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Lesson 10
Cities andUrbanAreas of Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Chapter 4 Early People inPennsylvania.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Lesson 11
Native American Tribes in Pennsylvania: Part 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Lesson 12
Native American Tribes in Pennsylvania: Part 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Lesson 13
Early European Settlements in Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Chapter 5 WilliamPenn Starts the Colony of Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . 72
Lesson 14
William Penn Starts His Colony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Lesson 15
Penn’s Colony Is aGreat Success . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Lesson 16
The PennsylvaniaDutch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Chapter 6 The Start of aNewNation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Lesson 17
The Fight Between Two Empires for Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Lesson 18
The Colonies Become AngryWith England’s Rule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Lesson 19
The Colonies Fight for Freedom From England . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Lesson 20
The Formation of aNewNation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Chapter 7 PennsylvaniaBegins Its Industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Lesson 21
PennsylvaniaGrows andDevelops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Lesson 22
PennsylvaniaDevelops Its Industries in the 1800s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Chapter 8 The Industrial Giant Arrives inPennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Lesson 23
Pennsylvania and the AmericanCivilWar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Lesson 24
The Industrial Giant Arrives in Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Lesson 25
Problems of Living in an Industrial State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Chapter 9 PennsylvaniaDuring the 20th and 21st Centuries. . . . . . . . . 136
Lesson 26
Changing Transportation Systems in the 1900s and 2000s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Lesson 27
WorldWar I, theDepression, andWorldWar II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Lesson 28
Other Changes During the 1900s and 2000s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Chapter 10 Our National, State, and Local Governments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Lesson 29
Our National Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Lesson 30
Our StateGovernment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Lesson 31
Our County and Local Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
State Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Table of Contents
