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Chapter 4
ReviewQuestions
1. Fromwhat continent did theNative Americansmove?
2. Howmany years ago didNative Americans enter NorthAmerica?
3. Fromwhere did the name “Indians” come?
4. What are people calledwho study past cultures by digging old remains?
5. Uponwhat basis were theNative Americans grouped?
6. Themany tribes of Pennsylvania fell under what two general names?
7. Why did the Iroquois becomemuch stronger than the Algonquins?
8. TheNative Americans lived in small villages called
.
9. Who selected the chiefs of the tribes?
10. Howwere the governments of the Iroquois and the Algonquin different?
QueenAliquippa
council, a chief was selected. A chief
was expected to settle disagreements and
lead the tribe into battle. The Algonquin
tribes’ government was less organized than
the Iroquois.
The Iroquois formed a league of tribes. A
tribal council was selected by the women.
The council’s main job was to keep the
peace among the five tribes. One person
was chosen as head chief. The head chief
had to get the agreement of the council
beforemaking important decisions.
Both Iroquois andAlgonquin tribes ruled
themselves simply. There was no written
language. There were no courts, judges, or
written laws. There were no police or jails.
However, the tribes did have a system of
justice.Whenanunwritten lawwas broken,
a council would decide how to settle the
problem or conflict.
Some historians think QueenAliquippawas one of the great leaders of
the Seneca tribe. This tribe was friendly withWilliam Penn and the
early English settlers. The women of the Seneca tribe picked both the
Chief and the Council that helped the Chief govern the tribe.
Queen Aliquippamoved some of the tribe towestern Pennsylvania
when early settlers moved closer to their tribe. WhenGeorge
Washingtonwas sent towestern Pennsylvania to tell the French to
stop building forts there, he visitedwithQueen Aliquippa. She helped
GeorgeWashington and his troops when they fought with the French.
WhenWashington’s troops lost the battle, Queen Alliqippa believed it would be safer to
lead her people back to eastern Pennsylvania. The long journey was difficult and she
became sick and died. QueenAliquippawas a strong leader and helpful to her people.
