G
LOSSARY
county seat.
a place fromwhich the county
government is run
culture.
the common beliefs of a group of people that
are shared fromgeneration to generation, such as
language
delegates.
people who are chosen to vote or make
decisions on behalf of a group of other people
demand.
in economics, the amount of good or
services that are available for people to buy
democracy.
a formof government in which the power
is exercised by elected people
derricks.
towers built over oil wells
dictatorship.
a formof government in which one
person exercises complete control
dispute.
a fight, disagreement, or argument for the
control of something
drainage basin.
an entire land area that is drained by
a river(s) and its tributaries
drought.
a period of time in which there is a lack of
precipitation
economics.
the study of the production, distribution,
and consumption of goods and services
emigrants.
people who leave their country of origin to
settle in another country
emigrate.
tomove fromone's country or region to a
new country or colony
empires.
countries that control a number of regions,
countries, or colonies
encampment.
group of tents or shelters in a particular
place, especially when they are used by soldiers
ethnic.
connected with or relating to different racial or
cultural groups of people
ethnicity.
belonging to a particular ethnic group
ethnocentrism.
a belief that one's culture or ethnic
group is superior to other cultures or ethnic groups
exchange.
when two or more people or groups give
each other items at the same time
executive.
the branch of government that has the
power to carry out the laws
export.
goods and services that are sent to other
countries froma country's cities
federal.
relating to the national government
ferryboat.
a boat used to carry people and goods over
water
forges.
places where people shapemetal goods and
equipment by heating pieces of metal
fossil fuels.
resources formed under the earth's crust
millions of years ago fromanimal and plant remains
freight.
cargo; goods
gallantry.
brave, heroic actions shown by someone
when they are fighting in a war
glaciers.
huge ice formations that move slowly over
land
goods.
manufactured products that aremade to be sold
government.
consists of the rules and principles
involved in governing a country, colony, or territory
greenbacks.
the paper currency issued by the North
during the American Civil War
haven.
a safe place
hearth stove.
an invention used to heat homes, later
applied to a locomotive engine
heretic.
person who belongs to a particular religion,
but whose beliefs or actions are in opposition of the
principles of that religion
humid continental.
type of climate that offers four
separate seasons
hydroelectric power.
electricity that is created by the
force of water falling over a dam into a turbine at a
power plant
immigrant.
someone who has come to live in a
country fromsome other country
imported.
products or services brought into a state or
country
industrialists.
business people who control large
industrial companies and factories
industry.
the production, distribution, and sale of
goods and services
ingenuity.
clever way or creative invention that solves
a problem
innovation.
the introduction of new ideas or methods
investors.
people who invest money in order tomake
a profit
iron ore.
a natural resource dug from the earth from
which iron is produced
iron smelting.
a heating process that allows workers
to remove impurities of iron ore
judicial.
the branch of government that interprets laws
and administers justice; the court system
kerosene.
a thin oil produced frompetroleum that is
used as a heating fuel
keystone.
a central wedge-shaped stone in an arch
that strengthens the structure
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