162
abolish.
to stop or end
acid rain.
formed by the mixture of harmful
chemicals with types ofmoisture
act.
when a bill becomes a law, it is given an act
number
agriculture.
workingwith soil to produce crops, or
the raising of animals for food
Algonquin.
language spoken by Native American
tribes who lived in Pennsylvania
aluminum.
light-weightmetal productsmade from
bauxite ore
amendments.
added changes to the Constitution
American Civil War.
the war fought between the
Northern and Southern states from 1861 to 1865
American Revolution.
the war for freedom from
1775 -1781 between England and the American
colonies
Amish.
a religious group from Switzerland who
came to Pennsylvania in the 1720s
archeologists.
people who study the past by
digging up old remains of past cultures
Articles of Confederation.
the first written plan
for our U.S. government in 1776
attorney general.
the chief law officer of the state
and for theUnited States
auditor general.
electedperson responsible for the
state treasury
balance of power.
noone group canbecomemore
powerful than the other
barn raising.
when the Amish gather to spend a
day building a new barn
bartering.
trading goods or services
Battle of Gettysburg.
bloody battle fought during
the CivilWar from July 1-3, 1863
bauxite.
metal ore fromwhich aluminum products
aremade
bill.
a written idea for a law that has not been
approved
Bill of Rights.
the first 10 amendments to the
Constitution
borders.
make-believe lines that mapmakers use to
separate areas of land
boroughs.
communities smaller than a city
Brethren.
brothers
budget.
howmuchmoney is going to be spent on
services and programs for people
Cabinet.
leaders of 14 departments who help the
President run our nation
cable cars.
long cars in which city people were
moved over steel rails by cable
canal.
awaterway dug across land for small boats to
travel through
capital.
the city which is the center of government
for a nation or state
Capitol.
the buildingwhere the legislativemeetings
are held
cause.
a condition thatmakes something happen
cavern.
large openings formed by nature under the
earth’s surface
cement.
a product of stone used tomake concrete
census.
anofficial countingof thenumber of people
that live in a state
charcoal.
a product of wood
chlorine.
chemical used to kill germs inwater
city.
a community that has 10,000 ormore people
citymanager.
a person hired by a city or borough
to run the local government
civil war.
awar fought between people of the same
country
clans.
a group of Native American family members
who lived in small villages
clay.
a non-metallic mineral used to make bricks,
sewer pipes and tiles
climate.
the averageweather an area receives over a
long time
cloister.
a place such as a building for religious
worship
coast.
landnear a sea or ocean
coke.
a productmade from soft coal
colony.
a location that is settled by people
commissioners.
electedpeoplewho run the county
government
communications.
any system that deals with
sending and receiving information
competition.
trying todobetter than someone else
concrete.
a product of limestone and stones that
hardens whenmixedwithwater
Glossary
